cotainerd

Installing Containerd, runc, and CNI on Ubuntu VMs for Kubernetes Nodes

More details can be found form https://github.com/containerd/containerd/blob/main/docs/getting-started.md

In this guide, you will learn how to install containerd, runc, and CNI plugins on Ubuntu virtual machines, and verify the setup by pulling and running a Redis image. Additionally, you will install nerdctl to manage images and containers.

Step 1: Update System Packages

First, update the system packages and install necessary dependencies:

sudo apt update
sudo apt install -y curl gnupg2 software-properties-common

Step 2: Install Containerd

Install containerd:

sudo apt install -y containerd

Configure containerd:

Create the default configuration file:

sudo mkdir -p /etc/containerd
sudo containerd config default | sudo tee /etc/containerd/config.toml

edit the configuration file:

vi /etc/containerd/config.toml

set SystemdCgroup to true in the plugins.cri.containerd.runtimes.runc.options section:

[plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".containerd.runtimes.runc]
  ...
  [plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".containerd.runtimes.runc.options]
    SystemdCgroup = true

In case network issue

sudo mkdir -p /etc/systemd/system/containerd.service.d
sudo vi /etc/systemd/system/containerd.service.d/http-proxy.conf

[Service]
Environment="HTTP_PROXY=http://192.168.137.1:7890"
Environment="HTTPS_PROXY=http://192.168.137.1:7890"
Environment="NO_PROXY=localhost"

Restart and enable the containerd service:

sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl restart containerd
sudo systemctl start containerd
sudo systemctl enable containerd
sudo systemctl status containerd

Step 3: Install runc

Download and install runc:

sudo apt install -y runc

Step 4: Install CNI Plugins

Download and install CNI plugins:

sudo mkdir -p /opt/cni/bin
curl -L https://github.com/containernetworking/plugins/releases/download/v1.1.1/cni-plugins-linux-amd64-v1.1.1.tgz | sudo tar -C /opt/cni/bin -xz

Step 5: Verify Containerd Setup

Use ctr (the CLI tool for containerd) to pull the Redis image:

sudo ctr image pull docker.io/library/redis:latest

Check if the Redis image was successfully pulled:

sudo ctr image ls | grep redis

Step 6: Install Nerdctl

nerdctl is a Docker-compatible CLI for managing containerd containers.

Download and install nerdctl:

sudo curl -L https://github.com/containerd/nerdctl/releases/download/v1.2.0/nerdctl-1.2.0-linux-amd64.tar.gz | sudo tar -C /usr/local/bin -xz

Verify that nerdctl was installed successfully:

nerdctl --version

Step 7: Verify Nerdctl Setup

Use nerdctl to pull the Redis image (optional, skip if already pulled using ctr):

sudo nerdctl pull redis:latest

Check if the Redis image was successfully pulled:

sudo nerdctl images | grep redis

Use nerdctl to run a Redis container:

sudo nerdctl run -d --name redis-server -p 6379:6379 redis:latest

Check if the container is running:

sudo nerdctl ps

Verify that the Redis service is accessible:

redis-cli -h 127.0.0.1 -p 6379 ping

Expected output:

PONG

Ensure All Nodes Are Properly Configured Repeat the above steps on each Kubernetes node to ensure they can all properly use images to start services.

Conclusion

By following these steps, you have successfully installed containerd and its related components (runc and CNI) on your Ubuntu VMs. You verified the setup by pulling and running a Redis image, and installed nerdctl to manage images and containers. These configurations and validations ensure that each node can properly use images to start services, laying the groundwork for your Kubernetes cluster deployment.